What is Intelligence?
A Physics-First Perspective on Minds, Matter, and Meaning. Intelligence isn’t magic, and it isn’t something trapped inside brains or computers. Intelligence is a dynamic, low-algorithmic-entropy structure—a configuration of matter and energy sustained by physical laws and emerging under particular boundary conditions1. It is not defined by what it’s made of, but by what it does: maintain coherence, refine its models, and improve its predictive and control accuracy over time. An intelligent agent is not a fixed entity, but a self-updating process—capable of modeling its surroundings, preserving its internal order, and taking…
Keep readingThe Universe Thinks
Why the Universe is full of Superintelligence. In my previous post, I argued that the leap from Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)—machines capable of human-level reasoning—to Artificial Superintelligence (ASI)—machines that far surpass our cognitive limits—is not just likely, but inevitable. Just as cars quickly outran the speed of human runners, intelligence too is poised to break free from the constraints of biology. But let’s widen the lens. Think of intelligence as fire. Once ignited, it rarely stays small. It spreads, adapts, intensifies. AGI is the spark. What follows is no longer…
Keep readingWhy Artificial Superintelligence Is Inevitable
Imagine it’s the late 19th century, and humanity has just invented the automobile—a machine that moves without horses, entirely powered by internal combustion. This invention alone was revolutionary. But imagine if cars, despite this incredible breakthrough, only ever traveled as fast as humans could run. Or consider cranes: what if they could only lift weights equal to what a single person could manage? Or skyscrapers—what if their height was limited to the reach of human hands alone? How odd, how coincidental, how improbable those scenarios would have been. Of course,…
Keep readingGardner vs Carpenter
Life’s Antifragile Nature and The Pursuit of Perfection. In 2018, I found myself listening to an NPR interview with Alison Gopnik, an author and guest on the show. She introduced an intriguing analogy from her book—the Gardener and the Carpenter—that gave a fresh perspective on parenting styles. This concept resonated deeply with me. I’ve expanded this concept beyond parenting, finding its relevance in various aspects of life. Life offers a myriad of philosophies and paths to choose from. Let’s consider two of these—the Gardener and the Carpenter. The Gardener embodies…
Keep readingThe Compounding Effect: Simple Rules and Intuitions
Recurring investment can grow to approximately 100 times in the 30-years period, assuming a 7% interest rate. Keep in mind that actual interest rates may fluctuate, leading to final values higher or lower than 100 times the initial amount. At the heart of the “100 times in 30 Years” concept lies the power of exponential growth. Exponential growth occurs when a quantity increases by a fixed percentage over regular intervals, creating a snowball effect that magnifies over time. In the context of investing, this growth stems from compound interest, where…
Keep readingFree Will Resolved?
Computational Irreducibility and the Illusion of Freedom. The free will debate grapples with the question of whether individuals possess the ability to make autonomous choices, or if our decisions are solely the product of external influences, such as the laws of physics and causality. In recent years, the notion of computational irreducibility has emerged as an intriguing argument in this ongoing discussion, offering a new perspective on the relationship between determinism and the appearance of free will. Computational irreducibility posits that complex systems, like human beings, cannot be simplified or…
Keep readingFinding Profit in Chaos: Can you Leverage Market Inefficiencies
Let’s start by asking: are markets really efficient?Let’s consider a hypothetical situation involving two distant planets, Planet A and Planet B, which are engaged in interplanetary trade. They are separated by a vast distance, and information can only travel between them at the speed of light. On Planet A, there’s a large and thriving market for a valuable resource called “Unobtainium.” Investors on both planets actively trade shares of companies that mine and process Unobtainium. One day, a significant event occurs on Planet A: a huge new deposit of Unobtainium…
Keep readingWhy the Universe?
Lets argue on the lines of the anthropic principle, which suggests that the observed properties of the universe are the way they are because, if they were different, we wouldn’t be here to observe them. In other words, our existence as observers implies that certain conditions must be met for the universe to support life as we know it. One way to argue that the existence of the universe is not mysterious is to consider the possibility of a multiverse. In this view, our universe is just one of many…
Keep readingA Layman’s Guide to the Quest for Understanding in Physics and Cosmology
Physics and cosmology can be seen as a grand quest to uncover the hidden patterns that govern our universe. It’s a journey to understand the symphony of existence, which ranges from the smallest particles to the grandest galaxies. Imagine, if you will, a grand cosmic symphony. This symphony contains a vast range of notes – some so high they are barely audible, others so deep they rumble in our chests. Each phenomenon we observe, from the fall of an apple to the orbit of a planet, from the glow of…
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